This volume offers a critical analysis of one the most ambitious editorial projects of late Victorian Britain: the edition of the fifty substantial volumes of the Sacred Books of the East (1879-1910). The series was edited and conceptualized by Friedrich Max Muller (1823-1900), a world-famous German-born philologist, orientalist, and religious scholar. Muller and his influential Oxford colleagues secured financial support from the India Office of the British Empire and from Oxford University Press. Arie L. Molendijk documents how the series has become a landmark in the development of the humanities-especially the study of religion and language-in the second half of the nineteenth century. The edition also contributed significantly to the Western perception of the 'religious' or even 'mystic' East, which was textually represented in English translations. The series was a token of the rise of 'big science' and textualized the East, by selecting their 'sacred books' and bringing them under the power of western scholarship.

Sacred spaces in contemporary Western culture are subject to a dynamics in which the traditional forms of ritual are increasingly marginalised and new forms emerge. In Western Europe churches are growing empty, whereas new rituals - for instance those surrounding the victims of violence - are gaining prominence and are mediatized in a variety of ways. The destruction of churches, the rise of increasingly multi-religious urban ritual spaces, the remarkable vitality of places of pilgrimage and war cemeteries and the growing popularity of lieux de memoire in general show the changing landscapes of ritual spaces in modern Western culture.This book aims at describing and analyzing the profound changes and developments that are presently taking place. In the main part of this volume the broad field of ritual spaces is explored in contributions on various modern 'sacred places'. The case studies range from traditional places of religious worship, to the Rothko Chapel in Houston, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., and the Berlin Holocaust Memorial; from the Tor Tre Teste Millenium Church in Rome to the Columbine School Shooting Memorial in Colorado, the memorials for Pim Fortuyn and Theo van Gogh and virtual ritual sites. The dynamics of ritual space is further explored in various in-depth essays on the dynamics of space and ritual, musealisation and memorial culture.